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資料編號: | HK-1056 |
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中文名稱: | 刺軸含羞草 |
學名: | Mimosa pigra [找同屬植物] |
植物科名: (APG新系統) | FABACEAE豆科 [找同科植物] |
標室舊系統 | MIMOSACEAE含羞草科[找同科] |
生長習性: | 灌木 |
原生/外來: | 外來植物 |
圖片花色: | pink |
特別特徵: | 二回羽狀複葉互生_ 枝幹有刺 |
資料更新: | 20190729 04:30:17 pm |
備註: 相片攝於馬來西亞 from http://www.fleppc.org Botanical Description: Sprawling, often thicket-forming shrub to 6 m (20 ft) tall, with hairy stems bearing numerous recurved prickles(無數彎皮刺) to 7 mm (0.3 in) long. Leaves alternate, twice compound, sensitive to touch; leaf petiole and rachis to 20 cm (8 in) long, with prickles at junctions with 5-12 pairs of pinnae; each pinna with 24-31 pairs of leaflets, these to 8 mm (0.3 in) long, often with threadlike hairs on margins. Flowers small, mauve to pink, in stalked, dense, spherical heads, about 1 cm (0.5 in) across, with about 100 flowers per head; 8 stamens. Fruit a brown-bristly, segmented, flat pod to 8 cm (3 in) long and 1.4 cm (0.5 in) wide, with the 9-24 segments breaking free individually, each containing a seed; pods in clusters, or “hands” of usually 7, at stem tips. Ecological Significance: Emerged as a serious weed of wetlands in the 1970s in Australia and Thailand (Londsdale 1992). By the late 1980s in Australia, had formed dense thickets covering some 800 km2 (over 300 mi2 ) in floodplains and swamp forests, with infestations doubling in size each year (Braithewaite et al. 1989). Introduced into Florida before 1953; first collected that year in Palm Beach and Okeechobee counties as apparent escapees from cultivation; possibly brought to Florida as a botanical curiosity or as an accidental contaminant in imported nursery stock (R. Kipker, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, 1997 personal communication). Large infestations in Florida first noted in 1985 (Nall et al. 1986). Infested natural areas now totaling nearly 400 ha (1,000 acres) in Broward, Palm Beach, Martin, St. Lucie, and Highlands counties, including shoreline of the Loxahatchee River (Sutton et al. 1994). In Australia, has formed dense understories in swamps, shading out native tree seedlings and altering bird, reptile, and vegetation communities (Braithewaite et al. 1989, Londsdale 1992). Similar stands found among south Florida cypress (R. Kipker, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, personal observations). | |
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3-1056c | |
2-1056b | |
1-1056a | |