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資料編號: | HK-578 |
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中文名稱: | 訶子 |
學名: | Terminalia chebula [找同屬植物] |
英文名稱: | Medicinal Terminalia |
植物科名: (APG新系統) | COMBRETACEAE使君子科 [找同科植物] |
標室舊系統 | COMBRETACEAE使君子科[找同科] |
生長習性: | 喬木 |
原生/外來: | 外來植物 |
圖片花色: | yellow |
發現開花: | July |
特別特徵: | 單葉互生_有特色樹皮 |
圖片果色: | green |
資料更新: | 20220827 09:25:38 am |
備註: 1.Leaves alternate or subopposite spaced along branchlets 葉互生/近對生, 葉是平均分布在枝條上(沒簇生現象) 2.Petiole 1-3 cm 柄長1-3厘米 3.核果通常有5條鈍棱 FOC: Trees to 30 m tall; trunk to 1 m d.b.h. Bark grayish black to gray, coarsely split and thick. Branchlets conspicuously white or yellowish long lenticellate, glabrous, or tomentose or appressed villous at least when young, hairs tawny, rarely silvery. Leaves alternate or subopposite, spaced along branchlets; petiole 1-3 cm, moderately stout, with 2(-4) glands 1-5 mm below apex; leaf blade elliptic, 7-18 × 4.5-10 cm, both surfaces glabrous, or appressed (and rarely silvery) villous at least when young, base obtuse-rounded or cuneate, oblique, apex mucronate; lateral veins in 6-12 pairs. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, simple spikes, 5-10 cm, numerous flowered, sometimes grouped at branchlet apex and forming a panicle; axis glabrous or sparsely hairy, with denser hairs near base of flowers. Flowers slightly fragrant, bisexual. Calyx tube distally cupular, 2.5-3.5 mm, abaxially glabrous, adaxially tawny tomentose; lobes 5, apex mucronate to aristate. Stamens 10, exserted, 3-4 mm. Fruit not stipitate, blackish brown when ripe, ovoid or broadly so, ellipsoid, or cylindric-ovoid, obtusely 5-ridged, 2-4.5 × 1.2-2.5 cm, rigid, becoming deeply wrinkled when dry, glabrous. Fl. May-Jun, Sep, fr. Jul-Dec FOHK: Large tree, to 30 m tall; bark brownish black, greyish black or greyish brown, often fissured, glabrous, with elliptic lenticels. Leaves subopposite or alternate; petioles robust, 1.8 – 2.3(–3) cm, with 1–2 pairs of glands at apex; leaf blade subleathery or thickly papery, ovate or ovate-elliptic to long elliptic, 7–14 × 4.5–8.5 cm, base rounded or cuneate, slightly oblique, apex acute, margin entire or minutely wavy, densely tuberculate on both surfaces, glabrous or slightly puberulous abaxially when young; lateral veins 6–10 pairs. Panicles composed of spikes, 5–10 cm. Flowers bisexual. Calyx-tube cupular, yellowish brown pubescent adaxially. Stamens exserted. Ovary small, 2-ovuled. Fruit fusiform or ovoid, 2.5 – 4 × 1.9 – 2.3 cm; pericarp rigid, green when mature, often ridged[有脊]. Locality: Cultivated in gardens. Ecology: Flowering: Mar. – Jun.; fruiting: Jul.– Dec. 中國植物誌 喬木,高可達30米,徑達1米,樹皮灰黑色至灰色,粗裂而厚,枝無毛,皮孔細長,明顯,白色或淡黃色;幼枝黃褐色,被絨毛。葉互生或近對生,葉片卵形或橢圓形至長橢圓形,長7-14厘米,寬4.5-8.5厘米,先端短尖,基部鈍圓或楔形,偏斜,邊全緣或微波狀,兩面無毛,密被細瘤點,側脈6-10對;葉柄粗壯,長1.8-2.3厘米,稀達3厘米,距頂端1-5毫米處有2(-4)腺體。 穗狀花序腋生或頂生,有時又組成圓錐花序,長5.5-10厘米;花多數,兩性,長約8毫米;花萼杯狀,淡綠而帶黃色,乾時變淡黃色,長約3.5毫米,5齒裂,長約1毫米,三角形,先端短尖,外面無毛,內面被黃棕色的柔毛;雄蕊10枚,高出花萼之上;花藥小,橢圓形;子房圓柱形,長約1毫米,被毛,乾時變黑褐色;花柱長而粗,錐尖;胚珠2顆,長橢圓形。核果,堅硬,卵形或橢圓形,長2.4-4.5厘米,徑1.9-2.3厘米,粗糙,青色,無毛,成熟時變黑褐色,通常有5條鈍棱。花期5月,果期7-9月。 | |
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