資料編號: | HK-6382 |
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中文名稱: | 叉柱蘭屬(SPP) |
學名: | Cheirostylis spp. [找同屬植物] |
植物科名: (APG新系統) | ORCHIDACEAE蘭科 [找同科植物] |
標室舊系統 | ORCHIDACEAE蘭科[找同科] |
生長習性: | 地生草本或半附生草本 |
資料更新: | 20220320 10:05:44 am |
備註: 深圳植物誌: 地生或半附生草本。根狀莖為莖的延長,與莖相似,具節,匍匐或斜上升,肉質,呈蓮藕狀或毛蟲狀。莖直立,柔弱,常較短,下部具互生葉2-5枚,極罕葉退化為鞘狀。葉片卵形或心形,上面綠色或灰綠色,基部收窄成柄,柄基部膨大成鞘,抱莖。 總狀花序直立,頂生,具2至數朵花;花較小,通常不偏向一側,倒置(唇瓣位於下方) ;萼片膜質,在2/3以下合生成筒狀;花瓣與中萼片貼生;唇瓣直立,基部多少擴大呈囊狀,囊內通常在兩側的側脈上具胼胝體,少數基部平坦而無胼胝體,中部收狹成爪,前部擴大,常2裂,稀不裂,邊緣具流蘇狀裂條或鋸齒或全緣;合蕊柱短,頂部前側具2枚臂狀、直立的附屬物,其通常與叉狀的蕊喙近等高;能育雄蕊1 ,花藥直立,位於蕊喙的背面,基部與合蕊柱分離,頂端窄,脫落;花粉糰2個,每個縱裂為2,柔軟,具小團塊的粒粉質,具短或長的花粉糰柄並從花藥頂端伸出,共同具1個粘盤;蕊喙狹長,幾與花藥等長,直立,2裂,叉狀;柱頭2個,凸出,離生,較大,位於蕊喙的基部兩側。果為蒴果。種子兩端具狹翅。 -萼片背面和子房均無毛;唇瓣邊緣全緣--叉柱蘭 -萼片背面和子房均疏被柔毛或長柔毛;唇瓣前部邊緣具不規則的齒--琉球叉柱蘭 FOHK: Terrestrial or epiphytic herbs; rhizomes short, hairy on the contact surface, clinging to wet boulders below trees along streams. Leaves basal, petiolate, ovate or elliptic. Flowers small, inconspicuous, in a terminal small raceme; sepals connate, forming a tube above the middle; petals white, very small, mostly concealed; lip adnate to the sides or rarely to the base of the column, unguiculate, the claw with inflexed margin or simple and without folding margin, the apex dilated, often bilobed and fringed or dentate, rarely undivided and entire, the base furnished with 2 calli, rarely without callus; column short, the apex furnished with 2 glossy glands and produced into an elongate appendage on each side; rostellum long and deeply cleft; anther ovate-acuminate, deeply sunk in the clinandrium; pollinia 4 in 2 pairs, sectile, with or without slender caudicle; viscidium oblong or obovate, cuneate; stigmas 2, connivent to the lateral glands; ovary ovoid or oblanceolate. Capsules succulent. About 20 species distributed in tropical Africa, tropical Asia and Pacific islands; 13 species in China; five species in Hong Kong. 1a.Ovary and calyx tube hairy. --2a.Leafy stem 5–7 cm tall; leaves cauline, scattered- 琉球叉柱蘭C. liukiuensis --2b.Leafy stem usually no more than 3(–5) cm tall; leaves subrosulate or congested at base. ----3a.Lip fringed; hairs on ovary and calyx glandular; calli consisting of 2 rows of teeth-中華叉柱蘭 C. chinensis ----3b.Lip dentate; hairs on ovary and calyx not glandular; calli tricuspidate --粉紅叉柱蘭C. jamesleungii 1b.Ovary and calyx tube glabrous. ---4a.Lip bilobed and fringed at the apex; base of lip subsaccate, with two bifid and horn-like calli--箭藥叉柱蘭C. monteiroi ---4b. Lip simple, entire; base of lip unguiculate, without any calli -- 叉柱蘭C. clibborndyeri | |
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