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資料編號: | HK-6598 |
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中文名稱: | 合歡草 |
中文別名: | 多枝合歡豆 |
學名: | Desmanthus pernambucanus [找同屬植物] |
異名: | Mimosa pernambucana |
植物科名: (APG新系統) | FABACEAE豆科 [找同科植物] |
標室舊系統 | MIMOSACEAE含羞草科[找同科] |
生長習性: | 亞灌木 |
原生/外來: | 外來植物 |
圖片花色: | yellow_white |
發現開花: | Dec |
圖片果色: | red |
資料更新: | 20240508 10:49:00 pm |
備註: 香港植物標本室: Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd. * In FRPS (39: 20. 1988), the name Desmanthus virgatus (Linnaeus) Willdenow was misapplied to this species. Crawford added 22/01/2022 留意此品種: 1. 葉柄長6-16 mm,上有1枚腺體;羽片數目一般為2-4對,小葉數目一般為9-21對 ,小葉葉脈除中脈之外不明顯; 2. 單生頭狀花序於葉腋;每花序有花8-13枚,包括約2-4枚不孕花(雄蕊花葯退化),0-4枚雄花(缺子房),4-8枚兩性花,雄蕊數為10。 Luckow, M. (1993). Monograph of Desmanthus (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae). Systematic Botany Monographs, 38, 1-166. Erect or decumbent and scrambling perennial herbs or subshrubs, 0.5 to 2 m tall, little branched from the base. Young stems angled, red or green with golden corky ridges, sparsely pubescent with tangled white hairs; older stems terete, red or brown, shiny, glabrous. Stipules persistent, 3.0-6.1 mm long, setiform with broad, nerved auricles at the base, one of which curves abaxially under the petiole, usually puberulent with white hairs. Leaves 4.4-11.1 cm long, petiole 6-16 mm long, rachis 10-49 mm long, sparsely pubescent; pinnae 2-4 pairs, 15-54 mm long; nectary borne between the lowest pair of pinnae elliptical, sessile, crateriform or flattened, 1.0-2.6 mm long; leaflets 9-21 pairs, nearly sessile, 5.1-10.7 mm long, 1.2-3.3 mm wide, oblong to linear, rounded-oblique basally, mucronulate to rounded apically, glabrous, finely ciliate along the margin with white hairs, sometimes minutely denticulate where the hairs arise, venation obscure except excentric midvein. Heads 1 per leaf axil, borne on peduncles 1.0-4.5 cm long. Bract subtending each flower 1.0-2.1 mm, 0.4-0.7 mm wide, deltate, pale green with red tips, membranous with an opaque midvein, peltate and pedicellate at the center of the head, sessile and often fused into a whorl at the base of the head, strongly 1-nerved, abaxially pubescent. Floral buds obovate, apically rounded. Heads 0.7-1.0 cm long containing 8-13 sterile, functionally male, and perfect flowers, rarely the male flowers absent. Sterile flowers 2-4; calyx 0.9-1.7 mm long, 0.45-1.10 mm wide, 5 lobed, widely obconic, pale green with white margins; petals 1.6-2.7 mm long, 0.40-0.65 mm wide, obovate to oblanceolate, membranous, faintly 1-nerved, white or pale green with white margins; staminodia 10, 4.7-10.0 mm long, the same width as the filaments of the functional stamens to 3 times as wide, white. Male flowers 0-4, lacking an ovary, otherwise with a perianth and androecium like that of the perfect flowers. Perfect flowers 4-8; calyx 2.0-3.0 mm long, obconic, the tube 1.7 2.8 mm long, 0.8-1.5 mm in diameter, rimmed with free acute lobes 0.3-0.5 mm long, pale green with white margins, glabrous; petals 3.0-4.0 mm long, 0.5-0.8 mm wide, oblanceolate, green with red or purple tips, glabrous; stamens 10, rarely 5, 5.0-7.4 mm long, anthers eglandular; ovary 1.5-2.5 mm long, linear, glabrous, style 3.0-5.1 mm long, not exserted beyond the stamens. Fruiting peduncles 2.4-5.6 cm long bearing 1-7 pods; legumes dehiscent along both sutures, the sutural ridges curling back over the valves causing the inner surface of the pods to be slightly convex; pod 4.5-8.5 cm long, 3.2-3.9 mm wide, narrow, linear, straight, tip mostly acute, rarely attenuate with a beak to 2 mm long, valves chartaceous, glabrous or rarely pubescent, nearly black at maturity, somewhat wrinkled with raised reticulate veins, the sutural ridges lighter in color than the valves. Seeds 13-22 per pod, 2.4-3.2 mm long, 1.9-2.4 mm wide, obliquely inserted, ovate and flattened or rhomboidal and 4-angled, black or red-brown; pleurogram 0.7-1.0 mm wide, 0.7-1.5 mm deep, deeply U-shaped, symmetrical. Desmanthus pernambucanus differs from the other species of the virgatus com plex in having fewer pinnae, and fewer, larger leaflets than either D. leptophyllus or D. virgatus, and in the nyctinastic leaf movements. Desmanthus leptophyllus is a woody, erect shrub with many (16-36 pairs) leaflets per pinna and up to 7 pinnae per leaf, whereas D. pernambucanus has fewer leaflets (9-21 pairs) and a maximum of 4 pinnae. The stipules of D. leptophyllus are glabrous and bear reduced auricles; D. pernambucanus generally has pubescent stipules with conspicuous auricles. Desmanthus virgatus has shorter petioles and usually more pinnae, fruit dehiscence in which the valves become convex rather than concave, and generally a smaller stature. Although the pinnae of D. pernambucanus move below the petiole at night as in D. leptophyllus, the basal pinnae do not overlap and the leaf does not form a wedge-shaped structure. FOC: Naturalized in Guangdong, Taiwan, Yunnan [native to tropical America; widely cultivated in the tropics]. In FRPS (39: 20. 1988), the name Desmanthus virgatus (Linnaeus) Willdenow was misapplied to this species. This species is planted as a cover crop. 1993年時Luckow 釐清 Desmanthus virgatus species complex ,當時重新界定出4個品種。所以1988年中文中國植物志還是用Desmanthus virgatus, 及後2010年時FoC已作出修訂。現時D. virgatus 跟D. pernambucanus 為兩個不同品種。根據FoC所言,境內歸化的品種全為D. pernambucanus。(thanks Crawford's info) Reference link 2 | |
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