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資料編號: | HK-7013 |
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中文名稱: | 沙壩冬青 |
學名: | Ilex chapaensis [找同屬植物] |
英文名稱: | Shaba Holly |
植物科名: (APG新系統) | AQUIFOLIACEAE冬青科 [找同科植物] |
標室舊系統 | AQUIFOLIACEAE冬青科[找同科] |
生長習性: | 喬木 |
原生/外來: | 香港原生植物 |
特別特徵: | 單葉互生 |
資料更新: | 20240119 11:55:18 pm |
備註: thanks Sky Lam's info: 沙壩冬青葉似老鼠刺 但老鼠刺 葉柄既槽溝冇咁深 同埋 老鼠刺三級脈係密而90度咁向外 FOC: 1a. Deciduous trees or shrubs, often with spur branchlets, current year’s branchlets often with conspicuous lenticels; leaf blade membranous, papery, or thinly leathery, rarely subleathery (I. subg. Prinos) .... Key 6(沙壩冬青) 1b. Evergreen trees or shrubs, without spur branchlets, lenticels mostly absent on current year’s branchlets, and usually equally absent on second and third year’s branchlets, if present, usually on older branchlets; leaf blade leathery or thickly leathery, rarely papery....Key 1-5(廣東冬青) FOC Checklist 娃娃手記: 1.香港同屬品種, 只有梅葉冬青及沙壩冬青為落葉植物 2.成熟果綠色. 乾後變黑. 中國植物誌: 落葉喬木,高9-12米;小枝栗褐色,幼時被疏柔毛,後變無色,具明顯凸起的皮孔和細縱棱,縮短枝不發達,長3-5毫米,具鱗片和凸起的葉痕。葉在長枝上互生,在短枝上簇生枝頂端,葉片紙質或薄革質,卵狀橢圓形或長圓狀橢圓形至橢圓形,長5-11厘米,寬3-5.5厘米,先端短漸尖或鈍,基部鈍,稀圓形,邊緣具淺圓齒,葉面綠色,背面淡綠色,兩面無毛,稀在幼時葉面沿脈被疏微柔毛,主脈在葉面凹陷,在背面隆起,側脈8-10對,在葉面微凹或平坦,背面凸起,無毛,於葉緣附近網結,網狀脈在背面明顯;葉柄長1.2-3厘米,上面具狹而深的溝,頂部具葉片下延的狹翅;托葉小,三角形,宿存。 花白色;雄花序:假簇生,每分枝具1-5花,總花梗長1-2毫米,花梗長2-4毫米,單花花梗長3毫米,均被微柔毛,花梗基部具小苞片2枚;花6-8基數,花萼直徑約4毫米,無毛或被微柔毛,6-8裂,裂片圓形,具緣毛;花瓣倒卵狀長圓形,長4-5毫米,基部合生,具緣毛;雄蕊與花瓣等長,花藥卵狀長圓形;退化子房圓錐形,先端喙狀,淺裂。雌花單生於縮短枝頂端鱗片腋內,稀葉腋生,花梗長6-10毫米,被微柔毛,近基部具2枚小苞片;花萼6或7基數,形狀似雄花;花冠近直立,直徑8毫米,花瓣長約4毫米;退化雄蕊長為花瓣的2/3,不育花藥箭頭狀;子房卵球形,長2毫米,花柱明顯,被微柔毛,柱頭頭狀,長約2毫米,淺裂。果球形,直徑1.5-2厘米,成熟時變黑色,基部具宿存的平展圓形花萼,頂端具柱狀宿存柱頭,具6或7粒分核;分核輪廓長圓形,長13毫米,背部寬約4毫米,具3棱2溝,側面具1或2條棱和溝,內果皮骨質。花期4月,果期10-11月。 FOC: Trees deciduous, 9-16 m tall. Branchlets castaneous, minutely sparsely puberulent or glabrescent, with numerous conspicuous lenticels and raised leaf scars; spur branchlets 3-5 mm, with scales and raised leaf scars. Stipules persistent, deltoid, minute; petiole 1.2-3 cm, adaxially deeply and narrowly sulcate, distal ends narrowly winged by decurrent leaf base, glabrous; leaf blade brown-olivaceous when dry, ovate-elliptic or oblong-elliptic to elliptic, 5-11 × 3-3.5 cm, papery or thinly leathery, both surfaces glabrous, rarely puberulent on both surfaces when young, midvein impressed adaxially, lateral veins 8-10 pairs, raised abaxially, slightly impressed or flat adaxially, glabrous, anastomosing near margin, reticulate veins evident abaxially, base obtuse or acute, rarely rounded, margin crenulate-serrulate, apex shortly acuminate or obtuse, rarely rounded. Male inflorescences: cymes of order 1-3, 1-5-flowered, pseudofasciculate; peduncles 1-2 mm; pedicels 2-4 mm; 1-flowered pedicels ca. 3 mm, puberulent; bracteoles 2, basal; flowers 6-8-merous; calyx ca. 4 mm in diam., glabrous or puberulent, 6-8-lobed, lobes orbicular, ciliate; petals obovate-oblong, 4-5 mm, basally slightly connate, ciliate; stamens ca. as long as petals, anthers ovoid-oblong; rudimentary ovary conical, rostellate, apex shallowly lobed. Female inflorescences: 1-flowered cymes, solitary, axillary at scales of spur branchlets, rarely at leaf axis; pedicels 6-10 mm, puberulent; bracteoles 2, basal; calyx 6- or 7-lobed, as in male flowers; corolla suberect, ca. 8 mm in diam., petals ca. 4 mm; staminodes ca. 2/3 as long as petals, sterile anthers sagittate; ovary ovoid, ca. 2 mm, style present, puberulent, stigma capitate, ca. 2 mm, conspicuously lobed. Fruit green when mature (black when drying), globose, 1.2-2 cm in diam.; persistent calyx explanate; persistent stigma columnar; pyrenes 6 or 7, oblong, ca. 1.3 cm, ca. 4 mm in diam., abaxially 3-striate, 2-sulcate, laterally 1- or 2-striate and sulcate, endocarp bony. Fl. Apr, fr. Oct-Nov. | |
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